Elevation of white blood cells and platelet counts in patients having chronic periodontitis

Abstract 

Background and aim

Many risk factors that might contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis have been proposed, including chronic inflammation and infection. Furthermore, systemic inflammatory responses to periodontal bacteria have been suggested as a pathogenetic link between periodontal disease and atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to estimate the white blood cell (WBC) and platelet counts in chronic periodontitis patients.

Materials and methods

Fifty patients with chronic periodontitis and 50 patients with healthy periodontium were included in this study. Oral hygiene status, pocket probing depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured. During clinical evaluation, venous blood samples were taken to analyze the WBC and platelet counts. Statistical analysis was utilized to compare differences across groups.

Results

Periodontitis patients demonstrated a significantly higher WBC count (7.22±1.42×10⁹cells/L) than that of control patients (5.64±1.56×10⁹cells/L; P<0.001). The platelet count of patients with chronic periodontitis (290.73±56.56×10⁹cells/L) was also significantly higher compared to the healthy group (223.37±50.27×10⁹cells/L; P<0.001).

Conclusion

Levels of WBCs and platelets are elevated in periodontitis patients compared to healthy controls.

Keywords: WBC, RBC, Systematic disease, Thrombocyte, Periodontitis, Coronary heart disease, Oral conditions