The Saudi Dental Journal
Volume 22, Issue 3 , Pages 133-139 , July 2010

Orthognathic surgical norms for a sample of Saudi adults: Hard tissue measurements

Received 4 March 2009 ,Revised 3 July 2009 ,Accepted 9 January 2010.

References 

  1. AlBarakati SF, Talic NF. Cephalometric norms for Saudi sample using McNamara analysis. Saudi Dent. J. 2007;19:139–145
  2. Al-Jame B, Årtun J, Al-Azemi R, Al-Behbehani F, BuHamra S. Lateral cephalometric norms for adolescent Kuwaitis: hard tissue measurements. Med. Princ. Pract. 2006;15:91–99
  3. Al-Jasser NM. Cephalometric evaluation of craniofacial variations in normal Saudi population according to Steiner analysis. Saudi Med. J. 2000;21:746–750
  4. Al-Jasser NM. Cephalometric evaluation for Saudi population using the Downs and Stiener analysis. J. Contemp. Dent. Pract. 2005;6:52–63
  5. Bishara SE, Abdulla EM, Hoppens BJ. Cephalometric comparisons of dentofacial parameters between Egyptian and North American adolescents. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial. Orthop. 1990;97:413–421
  6. Burstone CJ, James RB, Legan H, Murphy GA, Norton LA, Farmington C. Cephalometric for orthognathic surgery. J. Oral Surg. 1978;36:269–277
  7. Chan KA. Cephalometric appraisal for Chinese. Am. J. Orthod. 1972;61:279–285
  8. Conner AM, Moshiri F. Orthognathic surgery norms for American black patients. Am. J. Orthod. 1985;87:119–133
  9. Cooke MS, Wei SH. Intersex differences in craniocervical morphology and posture in Southern Chinese and British Caucasian subject. Am. J. Physiol. Anthropol. 1988;7:43–51
  10. Coon, C.S., Garn, S.M., Bersill, J.B., 1950. Races. A study of the problems of race formation in man. Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL, pp. 65–71.
  11. Flynn TR, Ambrogio RI, Zeichner SJ. Cephalometric norms for orthognathic surgery in black American adults. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 1989;47:30–39
  12. Gianelly AA. Age and sex dimorphism norms. Am. J. Orthod. 1970;57:497–501
  13. Guilford, J.P., Fruchter, B., 1984. Fundamental’s statistics in psychology and education, sixth ed. McGraw-Hill International Book, Auckland, pp. 409–410.
  14. Hamdan AM, Rock WP. Cephalometric norms in an Arabic population. J. Orthod. 2001;28:297–300
  15. Hassan AH. Cephalometric norms for Saudi adults living in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia. Angle Orthod. 2006;76:109–113
  16. Mouakeh M. Cephalometric evaluation of craniofacial pattern of Syrian children with Class III malocclusion. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial. Orthop. 2001;119:640–649
  17. Rafael EA, Tokiari JM, Anthony P, Tomobiro M. Cephalometric norms in Japanese adults. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 1998;56:129–134
  18. Sarhan OA, Nashashibi IA. A comparative study between two randomly selected samples from which to derive standards for craniofacial measurements. J. Oral Rehabil. 1988;15:251–255
  19. Scheideman GB, Bell WH, Legan HL, Finn RA, Reisch JS. Cephalometric analysis of dentofacial normals. Am. J. Orthod. 1980;78:404–420
  20. Shalhoub SY, Sarhan OA, Shaikh HS. Adult cephalometric norms for Saudi Arabians with a comparison of values for Saudi and North American Caucasians. Br. J. Orthod. 1987;14:273–279
  21. Wylie GA, Fish LC, Epker BN. Cephalometric. A comparison of five analyses currently used in the diagnosis of dentofacial deformity. Int. J. Adult. Orthod. Orthognath. Surg. 1987;1:15–36

PII: S1013-9052(10)00045-3

doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2010.04.007

The Saudi Dental Journal
Volume 22, Issue 3 , Pages 133-139 , July 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution